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Cognitive Perspective
Among current educational psychologists, the cognitive perspective is more widely held than the behavioral perspective, perhaps because it admits causally related mental constructs such as traits, beliefs, memories, motivations and emotions. Cognitive theories claim that memory structures determine how information is perceived, processed, stored, retrieved and forgotten. Among the memory structures theorized by cognitive psychologists are separate but linked visual and verbal systems described by Allan Paivio's dual coding theory. Educational psychologists have used dual coding theory and cognitive load theory to explain how people learn from multimediapresentations.
Three experiments reported by Krug, Davis and Glover demonstrated the advantage of delaying a 2nd reading of a text passage by one week (distributed) compared with no delay between readings (massed).
The spaced learning effect, a cognitive phenomenon strongly supported by psychological research, has broad applicability within education.For example, students have been found to perform better on a test of knowledge about a text passage when a second reading of the passage is delayed rather than immediate (see figure).Educational psychology research has confirmed the applicability to education of other findings from cognitive psychology, such as the benefits of using mnemonics for immediate and delayed retention of information.
Problem solving, regarded by many cognitive psychologists as fundamental to learning, is an important research topic in educational psychology. A student is thought to interpret a problem by assigning it to a schema retrieved from long-term memory. A problem students run into while reading is called "activation." This is when the student's representations of the text are present during working memory. This causes the student to read through the material without absorbing the information and being able to retain it. When working memory is absent from the readers representations of the working memory they experience something called "deactivation." When deactivation occurs, the student has an understanding of the material and is able to retain information. If deactivation occurs during the first reading, the reader does not need to undergo deactivation in the second reading. The reader will only need to reread to get a "gist" of the text to spark their memory. When the problem is assigned to the wrong schema, the student's attention is subsequently directed away from features of the problem that are inconsistent with the assigned schema.The critical step of finding a mapping between the problem and a pre-existing schema is often cited as supporting the centrality of analogicalthinking to problem solving
Federal student loans you need to know. Federal student loans are one reliable option you can use to pay for your college, in addition to grants and scholarships. Federal student loans have manageable interest rates, and you can also repay them in a flexible manner because they give you a number of affordable repayment options. The U.S.A. Education department, features two main federal student loans, these are: The Federal Perkins Program The William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan. You will get four forms of college loan under the Direct Program which are offered to scholars. Direct Subsidized Loans compared with Direct unsubsidized Program aid. The direct unsubsidized and direct sub These are federal student loans that can be eligible for if you are able to show that you are in great financial need and aid is required. When you get this college undergraduate type of loan aid, you will not be made to pay any interest on it, as long as you are still in coll
If you are seeking a way to improve your financial outlook through higher education, but can't conform to a traditional college class schedule, Distance Learning Schools may be just the ticket you need to achieve your goals. Many working adults prefer the flexibility and pace of distance learning to the rigid structure found at many campus-based schools. When most people think of Distance Learning, they think of online colleges. Distance Learning is widely available over the Internet, and sometimes through mail-order services as well. The flexible educational path offered by online schools can help students to gain a complete education that can enhance employability and income potential. They also impart necessary technological skills needed for many jobs. Students are able to study in their own environment in their spare time to earn degrees ranging from professional certification to associate, bachelor, master, and doctorate degrees. Students will find highly skilled pro
Helpful recommendations in creating a legal college private record, include knowing the school's rules, leaving irrelevant information, developing an outline, as well as proofreading plus editing and enhancing your article. Know the school's rules Many colleges have specific units of directions in creating a statement for their candidates to adhere to. However, mainly, these types of law schools will only want to know reasons why you would like to enter into law school and even your goals following getting a career in law. Combined with the information, law schools additionally wish to know more information regarding the candidate. When it's requested off their declaration guidelines, it is important that you provide all the important information that they asked for from you in order to increase the chances of you getting accepted in to that school. This is normally written in an composition which around 2 to 4 pages in length with 800 to 1400 words in all. Remember
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